· Dynamic behavior and minor deformations of high-speed moving components, molten pool dynamics, weld formation process, and spatter behavior (captured using high-speed cameras).
· Strain and displacement distribution of workpieces under load (measured using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) systems).
· Transient physical phenomena during laser cladding, such as molten pool dynamics and spatter (captured using high-speed cameras).
· Vibration and displacement during the 3D printing process (measured using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) systems).
· Misalignment, missing parts, tilting during workpiece processing, and splashing of fragments from high-speed rotating equipment (captured using high-speed cameras).
· Molten pool evolution, energy input, and formation process of micro-defects (real-time recorded using high-speed cameras).
